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2-METHYLPENTANE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-83-5
Formula	C₆H₁₄
Synonyms	isohexane

Physical Properties
Physical description	Clear liquids with mild, gasoline-like odors.
Boiling point	122-145°F	Molecular weight	86.2
Freezing point/melting point	-245 to -148°F	Vapor pressure	310.2 mmHg
Flash point	-54 to 19°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.65-0.66	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.2%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	7.7%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	M127
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference	OSHA IN-HOUSE METHOD
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	100 ppm (350 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	500 ppm [1979]	PEL-TWA	500 (1800 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	1000 ppm [1979]	PEL-STEL	1000 ppm (3600 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C	510 ppm (1800 mg/m³) [15 minute]	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes: as Hexane, other isomers
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Isohexane

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Hexane isomers (excluding n-Hexane)

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Hexane isomers, other than n-Hexane. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

DIBUTYL PHOSPHATE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-66-4
Formula	(C₄H₉O)₂(OH)PO
Synonyms	dibutyl acid o-phosphate; di-n-butyl hydrogen phosphate; dibutyl phosphoric acid

Physical Properties
Physical description	Pale-amber, odorless liquid.
Boiling point	212°F (decomposes)	Molecular weight	210.2
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	1 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.06	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0863
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	PTFE filter, 1 µm [SKC 225-2705]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	50-250 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1-3 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC
Method reference	NIOSH 5017 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1 ppm (5 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	1 ppm (5 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	5 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [2008]	PEL-TWA	1 ppm (5 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	2 ppm (10 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL	2 ppm (17 mg/m³)	PEL-STEL	2 ppm (10 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	30 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Dibutyl phosphate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Dibutyl phosphate

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Dibutyl phosphate. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/22/2020

TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE (TEPP)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-49-3
Formula	C₈H₂₀O₇P₂
Synonyms	ethyl pyrophosphate; TEPP; Tetron

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to amber liquid with a faint, fruity odor.
Boiling point	280°F at 2.3 mmHg	Molecular weight	290.22
Freezing point/melting point	32°F	Vapor pressure	0.0002 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.185	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.05 mg/m³	REL-TWA	0.05 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.01 mg/m³ [2006]	PEL-TWA	0.004 ppm (0.05 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	5 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Tetraethyl pyrophosphate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - TEPP

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Tetraethyl pyrophosphate. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/12/2021

HEXYLENE GLYCOL

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-41-5
Formula	C₆H₁₄O₂
Synonyms	2,4-dihydroxy-2-methylpentane; 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol; 4-methyl-2,4-pentanediol; 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a mild, sweetish odor.
Boiling point	388°F	Molecular weight	118.2
Freezing point/melting point	-58°F (sets to glass)	Vapor pressure	0.05 mmHg
Flash point	209°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.923	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.3% (calc)	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	8.1% (calc)
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1389
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	15 min minimum
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	3 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2101 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	25 ppm (vapor fraction) [2016]	PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	50 ppm (vapor fraction), 10 mg/mg³ (inhalable particulate matter, aerosol only) [2016]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C	25 ppm (125 mg/m³)	TLV-C		PEL-C	25 ppm (125 mg/m³)
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Hexylene glycol

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Hexylene glycol

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Hexylene glycol. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/31/2020

METHYL FORMATE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-31-3
Formula	C₂H₄O₂
Synonyms	methyl ester of formic acid; methyl methanoate

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.
Boiling point	89°F	Molecular weight	60.1
Freezing point/melting point	-148°F	Vapor pressure	476 mmHg
Flash point	-26°F	Vapor density	2.07
Specific gravity	0.98	Ionization potential	10.82 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	4.5%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	23%
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	4
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1770
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Anasorb 747 (400/200 mg) [SKC 226-83]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	3 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2041 (partially validated)
Notes	Keep samples refrigerated when not in transit. Ship samples overnight with cold-packs as soon as possible.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	100 ppm (250 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	100 ppm (250 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	50 ppm [2014]	PEL-TWA	100 ppm (250 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	150 ppm (375 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL	100 ppm [2014]	PEL-STEL	150 ppm (375 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	4500 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Methyl formate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Methyl formate

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Methyl formate. See annual publication for most recent information.
Nihlen, A. and Droz, P.O.: Toxicokinetic modeling of methyl formate exposure and implications for biological monitoring. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 73(7): 479-487, 2000.
Peng, H.M., Raner, G.M., Vaz, A.D. and Coon, M.J.: Oxidative cleavage of esters and amides to carbonyl products by cytochrome P450. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 318(2):333-339, 1995.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Methyl Formate. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1572-1573.

Last Updated Date : 01/05/2021

CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-30-2
Formula	C₂H₅ClO
Synonyms	chlorodimethyl ether; chloromethoxymethane; CMME; dimethylchloroether; methylchloromethyl ether

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with an irritating odor.
Boiling point	138°F	Molecular weight	80.5
Freezing point/melting point	-154°F	Vapor pressure	192 mmHg at 70°F
Flash point	32°F (open cup)	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.06	Ionization potential	10.25 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2640
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Midget fritted glass bubbler (MFGB) containing 10 mL (Derivatizing reagent: 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol/Sodium methoxide) [Infrequently Requested Method - OSHA staff please contact SLTC before sampling 801-233-5100]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	50 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.5 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-ECD
Method reference	OSHA 10 (fully validated)
Notes	derivatizing reagent: 16 g of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and 4.4 g of sodium methoxide dissolved in 1 L methanol
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	Ca	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	NA
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1006, Methyl chloromethyl ether and 29 CFR 1910.1003, 13 Carcinogens.		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca): REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION. See Appendix A		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data Exposure by all routes should be carefully controlled to levels as low as possible. [1979]		Notes: See California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Section 5209. Carcinogens.
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A2, EPA-A		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: --/1 ppm/10 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Methyl chloromethyl ether

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Methyl chloromethyl ether

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Chloromethyl methyl ether. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 05/03/2024

GLYOXAL

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-22-2
Formula	C₂H₂O₂
Synonyms	biformyl; ethanedial; 1,2-ethanedione; oxalaldehyde

Physical Properties
Physical description	Yellow prisms which turn white on cooling; soluble in anhydrous solvents. Often encountered as a light yellow liquid with a weak sour odor. Vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame.
Boiling point	124°F	Molecular weight	58.04
Freezing point/melting point	59°F	Vapor pressure	18 mmHg
Flash point	428°F	Vapor density	>1
Specific gravity	1.29	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [1999]	PEL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: dermal sensitization (DSEN)		Notes: See footnotes [s], this PEL applies to the sum of the exposures to the substance in the vapor state and from the particulate fraction specified in footnote [s] in this table.
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Glyoxal

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Glyoxal

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Glyoxal. See annual publication for most recent information.
World Health Organization (Kielhorn, J., Pohlenz-Michel, C., Schmidt, S. and Mangelsdorf, I.): Glyoxal (Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 57), 2004, approx. 61 pp.
Aalto-Korte, K., Mäkela, E.A., Huttunen, M., Suuronen, K. and Jolanki, R.: Occupational contact allergy to glyoxal. Contact Dermatitis 52(5): 276-281, 2005.
Miller, A.G., Smith, D.G., Bhat, M. and Nagaraj, R.H.: Glyoxalase I is critical for human retinal capillary pericyte survival under hyperglycemic conditions. J. Biol. Chem. 281(17): 11864-11871, 2006.
Uter, W., Schwanitz, H.J., Lessmann, H. and Schnuch, A.: Glyoxal is an important allergen for (medical care) cleaning staff. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 204(4): 251-253, 2001.
Xu, Y. and Chen, X.: Glycolase II, a detoxifying enzyme of glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal and a target of p63 and p73, is a pro-survival factor of the p53 family. J. Biol. Chem. 281(36): 26702-26713, 2006.

Last Updated Date : 01/31/2018

ETHYLENE GLYCOL

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-21-1
Formula	C₂H₆O₂
Synonyms	1,2-dihydroxyethane; 1,2-ethanediol; glycol; glycol alcohol; monoethylene glycol

Physical Properties
Physical description	Clear, colorless, syrupy, odorless liquid.
Boiling point	388°F	Molecular weight	62.1
Freezing point/melting point	9°F	Vapor pressure	0.06 mmHg
Flash point	232°F	Vapor density	2.14
Specific gravity	1.11	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	3.2%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	15.3%
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1911
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	OSHA versatile sampler (OVS-7) - 13 mm XAD-7 tube (200/100 mg) with GFF enclosed [SKC 226-57]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	5-60 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.5-2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 5523 (partially validated)
Notes	Keep samples refrigerated when not in transit. Ship samples overnight with cold-packs as soon as possible.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube	Detector tube	Detector tube
Model/Type	Dräger - Ethylene Glycol 10; 8101351	Gastec 165L	Matheson-Kitagawa 8014-232SB
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	10 strokes; approx 5-180 mg/m³ range; uncertainty aprpox 41%	2 strokes; 2-100 mg/m³ range; uncertainty 25% for 10-50 mg/m³, 16% for 50-100 mg/m³	3 strokes; approx 1-40 mg/m³ range

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	25 ppm (vapor fraction) [2016]	PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	50 ppm (vapor fraction), 10 mg/m³ (inhalable particulate matter, aerosol only) [2016]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C	40 ppm (100 mg/m³)
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes: See Appendix D - Substances with No Established RELs.		Notes:		Notes: vapor
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Ethylene glycol

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Ethylene Glycol

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Ethylene glycol. See annual publication for most recent information.
EPA Air Toxics Website: Ethylene Glycol. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Ethylene Glycol. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1088-1090.

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

CHLOROACETALDEHYDE (2-CHLOROETHANAL)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-20-0
Formula	C₂H₃ClO
Synonyms	chloroacetaldehyde (40% aqueous solution); 2-chloroacetaldehyde; 2-chloroethanal

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with an acrid, penetrating odor. Typically found as a 40% aqueous solution.
Boiling point	186°F	Molecular weight	78.5
Freezing point/melting point	3°F (40% solution)	Vapor pressure	100 mmHg
Flash point	190°F (40% solution)	Vapor density	2.7
Specific gravity	1.19 (40% solution)	Ionization potential	10.61 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0617
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Silica gel tube (520/260 mg) [SKC 226-15]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	7.5 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.5 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-ECD
Method reference	OSHA 76 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C	1 ppm (3 mg/m³)	REL-C	1 ppm (3 mg/m³)	TLV-C		PEL-C	1 ppm (3 mg/m³)
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	45 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 2-Chloroethanal

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Chloroacetaldehyde

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Chloroacetaldehyde. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 04/26/2024

PROPARGYL ALCOHOL†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	107-19-7
Formula	C₃H₄O
Synonyms	1-propyn-3-ol; 2-propyn-1-ol; 2-propynyl alcohol

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to straw-colored liquid with a mild, geranium odor.
Boiling point	236.5°F	Molecular weight	56.07
Freezing point/melting point	-62°F	Vapor pressure	12 mmHg
Flash point	97°F (open cup)	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.9485	Ionization potential	10.51 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	3	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2167
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	HBr coated petroleum-based CSC (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-178]
Sampling time^*	120 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	6 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.75 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.05 L/min
Analytical method instruments	GC-ECD
Method reference	OSHA 97 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1 ppm	REL-TWA	1 ppm (2 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	1 ppm [1992]	PEL-TWA	1 ppm (2 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: The OSHA PEL applies to Construction and Maritime Industries only. See 29 CFR 1926.55 Table 1 and 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Propargyl alcohol

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Propargyl alcohol

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Propargyl alcohol. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 06/03/2022

2-METHYLPENTANE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DIBUTYL PHOSPHATE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE (TEPP)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

HEXYLENE GLYCOL

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

METHYL FORMATE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

GLYOXAL

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ETHYLENE GLYCOL

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

CHLOROACETALDEHYDE (2-CHLOROETHANAL)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PROPARGYL ALCOHOL†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References