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DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL (2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	100-37-8
Formula	C₆H₁₅NO
Synonyms	diethylaminoethanol; 2-diethylaminoethyl alcohol; N,N-diethylethanolamine; diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; 2-hydroxytriethylamine, 2-diethylaminoethanol

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a nauseating, ammonia-like odor.
Boiling point	325°F	Molecular weight	117.2
Freezing point/melting point	-94°F	Vapor pressure	1 mmHg
Flash point	140°F	Vapor density	4.03
Specific gravity	0.89	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	6.7%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	11.7%
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0920
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Silica gel tube (300/150 mg) [SKC 226-10-04]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	4-24 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 2007 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube
Model/Type	Gastec 180L
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	1 stroke, 0.12-12 ppm range; uncertainty 16% for 0.6-2.4 ppm, 8% for 2.4-12 ppm

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	10 ppm (50 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	10 ppm (50 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	2 ppm [1991]	PEL-TWA	2 ppm (9.6 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	100 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 2-Diethylaminoethanol

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 2-Diethylaminoethanol

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - 2-Diethylaminoethanol. See annual publication for most recent information.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Workplace exposures to corrosion-inhibiting chemicals from a steam humidification system - Ohio, 1988. MMWR (Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep.) 39(47): 863-865, 1990.
Gadon, M.E., Melius, J.M., McDonald, G.J. and Orgel, D.: New-onset asthma after exposure to the steam system additive 2-diethylaminoethanol. J. Occup. Med. 36(6): 623-626, 1994.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Diethylaminoethanol. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 865-867.

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

HYDROGEN BROMIDE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	10035-10-6
Formula	HBr
Synonyms	anhydrous hydrogen bromide; aqueous hydrogen bromide (hydrobromic acid)

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless gas with a sharp, irritating odor.
Boiling point	-88.2°F	Molecular weight	80.92
Freezing point/melting point	-124°F	Vapor pressure	20 atm
Flash point		Vapor density	2.81
Specific gravity	2.14 at -88.6°F	Ionization potential	11.62 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1420
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	ORBO™ 53 activated silica gel tube [Supelco 20265]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	96 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	2.5 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.5 L/min
Analytical method instruments	IC
Method reference	OSHA ID-165SG (partially validated)
Notes	Submit as a separate sample, however, hydrogen chloride can be analyzed from the same sample. The sample is analyzed for bromide (or chloride, if requested) and the result reported as the acid. Make sure that the glass fiber filter plug is firmly in contact with the silica gel before and after sampling. Report the presence of bromide (or chloride) salts to the analytical laboratory.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube
Model/Type	Gastec 15L
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	0.5-10 strokes, 0.04-16 ppm range, uncertainty 25% for 0.8-4 ppm, 16% for 4-16 ppm

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	3 ppm (10 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C	3 ppm (10 mg/m³)	TLV-C	2 ppm [2001]	PEL-C	3 ppm (10 mg/m³)
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	30 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Hydrogen bromide, anhydrous

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Hydrogen bromide

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Hydrogen bromide. See annual publication for most recent information.
Burns, M.J. and Linden, C.H.: Another hot tub hazard: toxicity secondary to bromine and hydrobromic acid exposure. Chest 111(3): 816-819, 1997.
Kraut, A. and Lilis, R.: Chemical pneumonitis due to exposure to bromine compounds. Chest 94(1): 208-210, 1988.
Orlando, J.P., de Haro, L., Jouglard, J. and Leroyer, S.: Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome and bronchiolitis obliterans after exposure to acid vapors [French]. Rev. Pneumol. Clin. 53(6): 339-342, 1997.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Hydrogen Bromide. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1274-1276.

Last Updated Date : 12/31/2020

OZONE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	10028-15-6
Formula	O₃
Synonyms	triatomic oxygen

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to blue gas with a very pungent odor.
Boiling point	-169°F	Molecular weight	48.0
Freezing point/melting point	-315°F	Vapor pressure	>1 atm
Flash point		Vapor density	1.66
Specific gravity	1.614 at -319.7°F	Ionization potential	12.52 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1980
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Nitrite impregnated GFF - Ozone Sampling Filters and Cassettes [SLTC101]
Sampling time^*	180 min at 0.5 L/min or up to 480 min when using the lower flow rate at 0.25 L/min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	90-120 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.25-0.5 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	22.5 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	1.5 L/min
Analytical method instruments	IC
Method reference	OSHA ID-214 (fully validated)
Notes	Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is a sampling interference, and oxidizer tubes must be used if SO₂ is suspected to be present; contact the SLTC at (801) 233-5100.
Special requirements	These media are prepared by SLTC as needed and are not available for immediate shipment. Please allow time for SLTC to prepare these media prior to sampling.

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	CMS Chip
Model/Type	Ozone, 25-1000 ppb range
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	Heavy work: 0.05 ppm (0.10 mg/m³), Moderate work: 0.08 ppm (0.16 mg/m³), Light work: 0.10 ppm (0.20 mg/m³) [1995]	PEL-TWA	0.10 ppm (0.20 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL	0.30 ppm (0.60 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C	0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m³)	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: Heavy, moderate, or light workloads: (≥2 hours): 0.20 ppm (0.39 mg/m³) [1995]		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	5 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Ozone

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Ozone

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Ozone. See annual publication for most recent information.
Anderson, W., Prescott, G.J., Packham, S., Mullins, J., Brookes, M. and Seaton, A.: Asthma admissions and thunderstorms: a study of pollen, fungal spores, rainfall, and ozone. QJM 94(8): 429-433, 2001.
NIOSH: Occupational Health Guideline for Ozone. September 1978.
Olin, A.C., Andersson, E., Andersson, M., Granung, G., Hagberg, S. and Toren, K.: Prevalence of asthma and exhaled nitric oxide are increased in bleachery workers exposed to ozone. Eur. Respir. J. 23(1): 87-92, 2004.

Last Updated Date : 01/22/2024

PHOSPHORUS OXYCHLORIDE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	10025-87-3
Formula	Cl₃OP
Synonyms	phosphorus chloride; phosphorus oxytrichloride; phosphoryl chloride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Clear, colorless to yellow, oily liquid with a pungent & musty odor.
Boiling point	223°F	Molecular weight	153.32
Freezing point/melting point	34.2°F	Vapor pressure	40 mmHg at 81.14°F
Flash point		Vapor density	5.3
Specific gravity	1.645 at 77°F	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	0
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction	W: Reacts violently or explosively with water.
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.6 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.1 ppm [1979]	PEL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.6 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	0.5 ppm (3 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Phosphorus oxychloride

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Phosphorus oxychloride

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Phosphorus oxychloride. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/08/2021

SULFUR MONOCHLORIDE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	10025-67-9
Formula	Cl₂S₂
Synonyms	sulfur chloride; sulfur subchloride; thiosulfurous dichloride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Light-amber to yellow-red, oily liquid with a pungent, nauseating, irritating odor.
Boiling point	280°F	Molecular weight	135.03
Freezing point/melting point	-112°F	Vapor pressure	7 mmHg
Flash point	245°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.68	Ionization potential	9.40 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction	W: Reacts violently or explosively with water.
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1 ppm (6 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C	1 ppm (6 mg/m³)	TLV-C	1 ppm [1986]	PEL-C	1 ppm (6 mg/m³)
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	5 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Sulfur monochloride

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Sulfur monochloride

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Sulfur monochloride. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/12/2021

NITROUS OXIDE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	10024-97-2
Formula	N₂O
Synonyms	dinitrogen monoxide; hyponitrous acid anhydride; laughing gas; nitrogen oxide

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless gas with a slightly sweet odor.
Boiling point	-127°F	Molecular weight	44.0
Freezing point/melting point	132°F	Vapor pressure	51.3 atm
Flash point		Vapor density	1.53
Specific gravity	1.266 at -128.2°F	Ionization potential	12.89 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1953
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	VAPOR TRAK® 8530 [KEM Medical Products 8530]
Sampling time^*	Follow mfr instructions
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	IR
Method reference	OSHA ID-166 (fully validated)
Notes	To obtain sampling and analytical error similar to that available with active sampling, knowledge of the atmospheric pressure and temperature are required, and these should be obtained using NIST-traceable devices. If that is not possible, temperature is assumed to be 22.2 °C, and the atmospheric pressure is estimated based on the elevation of the sampling location. When estimates are used in place of traceable measurements the sampling and analytical error associated with passive sampling is substantially increased, and this makes it more difficult to demonstrate overexposures after considering the 95% lower confidence limit.
Special requirements	The passive badges are logged into OIS and sent to SLTC for processing along with any paperwork sent with this media.

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	25 ppm (46 mg/m³) [waste anesthetic gases only]	TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1986]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (90 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Nitrous oxide is classified as a simple asphyxiant and exposure is addressed in OSHA Construction and Maritime standards only. For OSHA's construction regulations, see 29 CFR 1926.55 Table 1: [E] The limiting factor is the available oxygen which shall be at least 19.5% and be within the requirements addressing explosion in 29 CFR 1926. For OSHA's maritime regulations, see 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards: [E] The limiting factor is the available oxygen which shall be at least 18% and be within the requirements addressing explosion in 29 CFR 1915, Subpart B.		Notes: TWA IS CALCULATED OVER THE ACTUAL TIME EXPOSED		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Nitrous oxide

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Nitrous oxide

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Nitrous oxide. See annual publication for most recent information.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Nitrous Oxide. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1748-1749.
Rowland, A.S., Baird, D.D., Shore, D.L., Weinberg, C.R., Savitz, D.A. and Wilcox, A.J.: Nitrous oxide and spontaneous abortion in female dental assistants. Am. J. Epidemiol. 141(6): 531-538, 1995.
Suruda, A.J. and McGlothlin, J.D.: Fatal abuse of nitrous oxide in the workplace. J. Occup. Med. 32(8): 682-684, 1990.
Weimann, J.: Toxicity of nitrous oxide. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Anaesthesiol. 17(1): 47-61, 2003.

Last Updated Date : 02/23/2024

TEREPHTHALIC ACID

Chemical Identification
CAS #	100-21-0
Formula	C₈H₆O₄
Synonyms	1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid; 4-carboxybenzoic acid; 1.4-dicarboxybenzene; p-phthalic acid; p-benzenedicarboxylic acid; p-carboxybenzoic acid; p-dicarboxybenzene; p-pthalic acid

Physical Properties
Physical description	White powder
Boiling point	>572°F (sublimes)	Molecular weight	166.13
Freezing point/melting point	sublimes	Vapor pressure
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.51	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	10 mg/m³ [1990]	PEL-TWA	10 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Terephthalic acid

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Terephthalic acid

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Terephthalic acid. See annual publication for most recent information.
NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS): WZ0875000

Last Updated Date : 01/12/2021

P-NITROANILINE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	100-01-6
Formula	C₆H₆N₂O₂
Synonyms	p-aminonitrobenzene; 4-nitroaniline; 4-nitrobenzenamine; p-nitrophenylamine; PNA

Physical Properties
Physical description	Bright yellow, crystalline powder with a slight ammonia-like odor.
Boiling point	630°F	Molecular weight	138.1
Freezing point/melting point	295°F	Vapor pressure	0.00002 mmHg
Flash point	390°F	Vapor density	4.77
Specific gravity	1.42	Ionization potential	8.85 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1865
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) and filter spacer with Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad, in a 3-piece cassette [SKC 225-9001]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	16-350 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1-3 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC-UV
Method reference	NIOSH 5033 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1 ppm (6 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	3 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	3 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-TWA	3 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	300 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - P-Nitroaniline, [solid]

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - p-Nitroaniline

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - p-Nitroaniline. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

P-NITROCHLOROBENZENE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	100-00-5
Formula	C₆H₄ClNO₂
Synonyms	p-chloronitrobenzene; 4-chloronitrobenzene; 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene; 4-nitrochlorobenzene; PCNB; PNCB

Physical Properties
Physical description	Yellow, crystalline solid with a sweet odor.
Boiling point	468°F	Molecular weight	157.6
Freezing point/melting point	182°F	Vapor pressure	0.2 mmHg at 86 °F
Flash point	230°F	Vapor density	5.44
Specific gravity	1.52	Ionization potential	9.96 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	3	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1872
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Silica gel tube (150/75 mg) [SKC 226-10]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1-150 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 2005 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1 mg/m³	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	0.1 ppm [1985]	PEL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.64 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION (LOQ 0.25 mg/m³). See Appendix A, NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens.		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	100 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, NIOSH-Ca, TLV-A3		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - P-Nitrochlorobenzene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - p-Nitrochlorobenzene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - p-Nitrochlorobenzene. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

OSHA PV2321

Read more about OSHA PV2321

DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL (2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

HYDROGEN BROMIDE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

OZONE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PHOSPHORUS OXYCHLORIDE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

SULFUR MONOCHLORIDE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

NITROUS OXIDE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

TEREPHTHALIC ACID

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

P-NITROANILINE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

P-NITROCHLOROBENZENE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

OSHA PV2321