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CYCLOHEXYLAMINE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-91-8
Formula	C₆H₁₃N
Synonyms	aminocyclohexane; aminohexahydrobenzene; hexahydroaniline; hexahydrobenzenamine

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to yellow liquid with an odor of ammonia.
Boiling point	274°F	Molecular weight	99.2
Freezing point/melting point	0.1°F	Vapor pressure	11 mmHg
Flash point	88°F	Vapor density	3.42
Specific gravity	0.87	Ionization potential	8.37 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.5%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	9.4%
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0842
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	XAD-7 tube (80/40 mg) coated with phosphoric acid [SKC 226-98]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10-20 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.1-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2016 (partially validated)
Notes	The ammonium hydroxide eliminates the need for neutralization of the desorbing solution but the ammonia liberated may be an interference in the analysis.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube
Model/Type	Gastec 180
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	1-60 ppm range

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	10 ppm (40 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	10 ppm [1990]	PEL-TWA	10 ppm (40 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Cyclohexylamine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Cyclohexylamine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Cyclohexylamine. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 06/02/2022

CHLOROBENZENE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-90-7
Formula	C₆H₅Cl
Synonyms	benzene chloride; chlorobenzol; MCB; monochlorobenzene; phenyl chloride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with an almond-like odor.
Boiling point	270°F	Molecular weight	112.6
Freezing point/melting point	-50°F	Vapor pressure	8.8 mmHg
Flash point	75°F	Vapor density	3.88
Specific gravity	1.11	Ionization potential	9.07 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.3%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	9.6%
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0620
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1003 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	75 ppm (350 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	10 ppm (46 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: See Appendix D, Substances with No Established RELs		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1000 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: EPA-D, TLV-A3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Chlorobenzene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Chlorobenzene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Chlorobenzene. See annual publication for most recent information.
EPA Air Toxics Website: Chlorobenzene. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network.
Arutjunov, V.D., Batsura, Ju.D., Gribova, I.A. and Kruglikov G.G.: Scanning electron-microspic and light-optic investigations of erythrocytes in toxic anaemia. Br. J. Ind. Med. 38(1): 72-75, 1981.
Knecht, U. and Woitowitz, H.-J.: Human toxicokinetics of inhaled monochlorobenzene: latest experimental findings regarding re-evaluation of the biological tolerance value. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Med. 73(8): 543-554, 2000.
National Toxicology Program: NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Chlorobenzene (CAS No. 108-90-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies). Natl. Toxicol. Program Tech. Rep. Ser. 261: 1-220, 1985.
Nedelcheva, V., Gut, I., Soucek, P. and Frantik, E.: Cytochrome P450 catalyzed oxidation of monochlorobenzene, 1,2- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene in rat, mouse, and human liver microsomes. Chem. Biol. Interact. 115(1): 53-70, 1998.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Dichlorobenzenes. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 799-804.

Last Updated Date : 04/30/2024

TOLUENE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-88-3
Formula	C₇H₈
Synonyms	methylbenzene; methyl benzol; phenyl methane; toluol

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a sweet, pungent, benzene-like odor.
Boiling point	232°F	Molecular weight	92.1
Freezing point/melting point	-139°F	Vapor pressure	21 mmHg
Flash point	40°F	Vapor density	3.14
Specific gravity	0.87	Ionization potential	8.82 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.1%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	7.1%
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2460	2460
Sampling group	OVSG-1
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]	SKC 575-002 Passive Sampler [SKC 575-002]
Sampling time^*	240 min (1-5 min Peak; 5-10 min C)
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	12 L	≤240 min TWA; ≥ 10 min STEL or C
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.05 L (Peak); 0.25 L (C)
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.05 L/min
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 5000 (fully validated)	OSHA 111 (fully validated)
Notes		To obtain sampling and analytical error similar to that available with active sampling, knowledge of the atmospheric pressure and temperature are required, and these should be obtained using NIST-traceable devices. If that is not possible, temperature is assumed to be 22.2 °C, and the atmospheric pressure is estimated based on the elevation of the sampling location. When estimates are used in place of traceable measurements the sampling and analytical error associated with passive sampling is substantially increased, and this makes it more difficult to demonstrate overexposures after considering the 95% lower confidence limit.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube	Detector tube	CMS Chip
Model/Type	Gastec 122	Matheson-Kitagawa 8014-124SA	Toluene, 10-300 ppm range
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	0.5 to 2 strokes, 5-690 ppm range, uncertainty 16% for 10-100 ppm, 8% for 200-300 ppm	1 stroke, 5-500 ppm range

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	200 ppm	REL-TWA	100 ppm (375 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	20 ppm [2006]	PEL-TWA	10 ppm (37 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	150 ppm (560 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL	150 ppm (560 mg/m³)
PEL-C	300 ppm; 500 ppm (Peak) [10 min maximum in an 8 hr shift]	REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C	500 ppm
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-2. OSHA Construction and Maritime Industries PEL is 200 ppm (750 mg/m³). See 29 CFR 1926.55 Table 1 and 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards.		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	500 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A4, EPA-II		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: 50 ppm/300 ppm/1000 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Toluene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Toluene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Toluene. See annual publication for most recent information.
EPA: Hazard Summary - Toluene.
Donald, J. M., K. Hooper, et al. Reproductive and developmental toxicity of toluene: a review. Environ Health Perspect 94: 237-244, 1991.
Hobara, T., Okuda, M., Gotoh, M. Oki, K., Segawa, H. and Kunitsugo, I: Estimation of the lethal toluene concentration from the accidental death of painting workers. Ind. Health 38(2): 228-231, 2000.
Manikantan, P., Balachanadar, V., Sasikala, K., Mohanadevi, S., Arun, M., Kumar, A.K., Khan Mustaq Ahamed, S.A., Krishnan, B.B., and Kumar, S.S. Cytogenetic methods for assessing human exposure to toluene in Coimbatore, South India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 11(6):1687-93, 2010.
McDonald, J.C., Lavoie J., Côté R., and McDonald A.D.: Chemical exposures at work in early pregnancy and congenital defect: a case-referent study. Br J Ind Med. 44(8): 527-533, August 1987.
NIOSH: Occupational Health Guideline for Toluene. 1978.
Türkoğlu, C., Aliyev, F., Celiker, C., Uzunhasan, I., and Kocaş, C.: Slow heart-slow brain - consequence of short-term occupational exposure to toluene in a young woman: what is the real mechanism? Clin Cardiol. 33(2):E68-71, 2010.
Zavalic M, Mandic Z, Turk R et al.: Quantitative assessment of color vision impairment in workers exposed to toluene. Am J Ind Med 33(3):297-304, 1998.

Last Updated Date : 06/03/2022

Group Sampling Information
Sampling Media	Sampling Time (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Sampling Volume (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Flow Rate (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)
CSC Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh), [SKC 226-01]	240 min	12 L	0.05 L/min

Analytes Sampling Information
Analytes	IMIS Code	Wipe Sampling
Isobutyl Acetate	1534	No
n-Butyl Acetate	0440	No
sec-Butyl Acetate	0441	No
tert-Butyl Acetate	0442	No
Toluene**	2460	No
Ethyl Benzene	1080	No
Perchloroethylene (Tetrachloroethylene)**	2020	No
Trichloroethylene**	2490	No
Xylene	2590	No
Trimethylbenzene	2505	No
Benzene***	0320	No
Ethyl Acetate****	1040	No
n-Propyl Acetate‡	2180	No
Pentane‡‡	1990	No
Cyclohexane‡‡‡	0810	No
Heptane*	1371	No
n-Hexane‡‡‡‡	1380	No
Nonane*	N807	No
Octane*	1957	No

Notes

Request any (up to three (3)) of these analytes together.

Alternatively request IMIS Code Q115 and SLTC will report any significant amounts of these analytes.

Results for unrequested analytes in this group will be reported if significant amount are found.

Toluene, sec-Butyl Acetate, Benzene and Isobutyl Alcohol all have/are known interferences. Please indicate on the 91A which of these compounds are known to be present.

There is no need to contact SLTC before sampling.

*80 min (4L)

**Peak sampling 1 min (0.05 L) and Ceiling sampling 5 min (0.25 L)

***STEL sampling 15 min (0.75 L)

****120 min (6 L)

‡200 min (10 L)

‡‡45 min (2.25 L)

‡‡‡190 min (9.5 L)

‡‡‡‡98 min (4.9 L)

METHYLCYCLOHEXANE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-87-2
Formula	C₇H₁₄
Synonyms	cyclohexylmethane; hexahydrotoluene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a faint, benzene-like odor.
Boiling point	214°F	Molecular weight	98.2
Freezing point/melting point	-196°F	Vapor pressure	37 mmHg
Flash point	25°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.77	Ionization potential	9.85 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.2%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	6.7%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1740
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	4 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01 - 0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1500 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	500 ppm (2000 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	400 ppm (1600 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	400 ppm [1962]	PEL-TWA	400 ppm (1600 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1200 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Methylcyclohexane

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Methylcyclohexane

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Methyl cyclohexane. See annual publication for most recent information.
Elliott, T.H., Tao, R.C.C. and Williams, R.T.: The metabolism of methylcyclohexane. Biochem. J. 95: 70-76, 1965.
Parnell, M.J., Henningsen, G.M., Hixson, C.J., Yu, K.O., McDonald, G.A. and Serve, M.P.: The metabolism of methylcyclohexane in Fischer 344 rats. Chemosphere 17(7): 1321-1327, 1988.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Methylcyclohexane. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1546-1547.
No author: Identifying hydrocarbons. In, Forensics Primer: An Introduction to Environmental Forensic Geochemistry. ZymaX Forensics, Division of ZymaX™ Envirotechnology, Inc.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

SEC-HEXYL ACETATE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-84-9
Formula	C₈H₁₆O₂
Synonyms	1,3-dimethylbutyl acetate; methylamyl acetate; methylisoamyl acetate

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant, fruity odor.
Boiling point	297°F	Molecular weight	144.22
Freezing point/melting point	-83°F	Vapor pressure	3 mmHg
Flash point	113°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.86	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	0.9% (calc)	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	5.7% (calc)
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1387
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1-10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1450 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Infrared spectrophotometer	Infrared spectrophotometer
Model/Type	Miran 1A & 1B	Miran 103
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	0.3 ppm @ 9.6 µm	0-50 ppm@9.6 µm

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	50 ppm (300 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	50 ppm (300 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1963]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (300 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	500 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Methylamyl acetate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - sec-Hexyl acetate

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - sec-Hexyl acetate. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

DIISOBUTYL KETONE (2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANONE)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-83-8
Formula	C₉H₁₈O
Synonyms	DIBK; sym-diisopropyl acetone; 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone; isovalerone; valerone

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a mild, sweet odor.
Boiling point	334°F	Molecular weight	142.3
Freezing point/melting point	-51.5°F	Vapor pressure	2 mmHg
Flash point	140°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.81	Ionization potential	9.04 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	0.8% at 200°F	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	7.1% at 200°F
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0924
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1-10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1300 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	50 ppm (290 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	25 ppm (150 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	25 ppm [1979]	PEL-TWA	25 ppm (150 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	500 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Diisobutyl ketone

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Diisobutyl ketone

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Diisobutyl ketone. See annual publication for most recent information.
De Ceaurriz, J., Micillino, J.C., Marignac, B., Bonnet, P., Muller, J. and Guenier, J.P.: Quantitative evaluation of sensory irritating and neurobehavioral properties of aliphatic ketones in mice. Food Chem. Toxicol. 22 (7): 545-549, 1984.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Diisobutyl Ketone. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 895-896.
White, R.F., Feldman, R.G., Moss, M.B. and Proctor, S.P.: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neurobehavioral testing, and toxic encephalopathy: two cases. Environ. Res.61 (1): 117-123, 1993.

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

RESORCINOL

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-46-3
Formula	C₆H₆O₂
Synonyms	1,3-benzenediol; m-benzenediol; 1,3-dihydroxybenzene; m-dihydroxybenzene; 3-hydroxyphenol; m-hydroxyphenol

Physical Properties
Physical description	White needles, plates, crystals, flakes, or powder with a faint odor. Turns pink on exposure to light if not completely pure.
Boiling point	531°F	Molecular weight	110.11
Freezing point/melting point	228-232°F	Vapor pressure	0.0002 mmHg at 77°F
Flash point	261°F	Vapor density	3.79
Specific gravity	1.27 at 68°F	Ionization potential	8.63 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.4% at 738°F	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	1.4% at 200°F
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2221
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	OSHA versatile sampler (OVS-7) - 13 mm XAD-7 tube (270/140 mg) with GFF enclosed (no longer available) [SKC 226-57]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	60 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2053 (partially validated)
Notes	Media no longer available. SKC recommends the 200/100 mg variant with the same media [SKC 226-57].
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	10 ppm (45 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	10 ppm [1992]	PEL-TWA	10 ppm (45 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	20 ppm (90 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL	20 ppm [1992]	PEL-STEL	20 ppm (90 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Resorcinol

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Resorcinol

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Resorcinol. See annual publication for most recent information.
Cassano, N., Alessandrini, G., Mastrolonardo, M. and Vena, G.A.: Peeling agents: toxicological and allergological aspects. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 13(1): 14-23, 1999.
Duran, B., Gursoy, S., Cetin, M., Demirkoprulu, N., Demirel, Y. and Gurelik, B.: The oral toxicity of resorcinol during pregnancy: a case report. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 42(5): 663-666, 2004.
Hahn, S., Kielhorn, J., Koppenhöfer, J., Wibbertmann, A. and Mangelsdorf, I.: Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 71 Resorcinol.
Levin, C.Y. and Maibach, H.: Exogenous ochronosis. An update on clinical features, causative agents and treatment options. Am. J. Clin. Dermatol. 2(4): 213-217, 2001.
No authors listed: Resorcinol. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog. Risks Hum. 71(Pt. 3): 1119-1131, 1999.
No authors: Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of resorcinol (CAS No. 108-46-3) in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (gavage studies). Natl. Toxicol. Program Tech. Rep. Ser. 403: 1-234, 1992.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Resorcinol. In, Sittig?s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 2000-2002.
Yeung, D., Kantor, S., Nacht, S. and Gans, E.H.: Percutaneous absorption, blood levels, and urinary excretion of resorcinol applied topically in humans. Int. J. Dermatol. 22(5): 321-324, 1983.

Last Updated Date : 01/11/2021

M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE (1,3-PHENYLENEDIAMINE)

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-45-2
Formula	C₆H₈N₂
Synonyms	3-aminoaniline; m-benzenediamine; 1,3-benzenediamine; m-diaminobenzene; 1,3-diaminobenzene; 1,3-phenylenediamine; Developer C; Developer H; Developer M; Direct Brown GG; Direct Brown B

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless or white colored needles that turn red or purple in air.
Boiling point	540-543°F	Molecular weight	108.14
Freezing point/melting point	145-147°F	Vapor pressure	1 mmHg at 211.6°F, 0.0018 mmHg at 77°F
Flash point	280°F	Vapor density	3.7
Specific gravity	1.0696 at 136°F	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	P236
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 GFFs (37 mm) coated with sulfuric acid, in 3-piece cassette, separated by the ring section [SKC 225-9004]
Sampling time^*	100 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	100 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC
Method reference	OSHA 87 (fully validated)
Notes	Filters may be obtained by OSHA personnel from the SLTC.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ [1988]	PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4, IARC-3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 1,3-Phenylenediamine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 1,3-Phenylenediamine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - m-Phenylenediamine. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/05/2021

M-TOLUIDINE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-44-1
Formula	C₇H₉N
Synonyms	3-amino-1-methylbenzene; 1-aminophenylmethane; m-aminotoluene; 3-methylaniline; 3-methylbenzenamine; 3-toluidine; m-tolylamine

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to light-yellow liquid with an aromatic, amine-like odor.
Boiling point	398.1°F	Molecular weight	107.2
Freezing point/melting point	-23°F	Vapor pressure	1 mmHg at 106°F
Flash point	187°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.989	Ionization potential	7.50 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.1%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	T339
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 GFFs (37 mm) coated with sulfuric acid, in 3-piece cassette, separated by the ring section [SKC 225-9004]
Sampling time^*	100 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	100 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	15 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	1 L/min
Analytical method instruments	GC-ECD
Method reference	OSHA 73 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	2 ppm [1984]	PEL-TWA	2 ppm (9 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: Not established		Notes: See Appendix D - Substances with No Established RELs.		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - M-Toluidine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - m-Toluidine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - m-Toluidine. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/05/2021

MALEIC ANHYDRIDE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-31-6
Formula	C₄H₂O₃
Synonyms	cis-butenedioic anhydride; 2,5-furanedione; maleic acid anhydride; toxilic anhydride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless needles, white lumps, or pellets with an irritating, choking odor.
Boiling point	396°F	Molecular weight	98.06
Freezing point/melting point	127°F	Vapor pressure	0.2 mmHg
Flash point	218°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.43 at 59°F	Ionization potential	9.90 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.4%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	7.1%
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	1	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1618
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	GFFs coated with veratrylamine (3,4-dimethoxybenzylamine) and di-n-octyl phthalate [SLTC100]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	60 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.5 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC
Method reference	OSHA 86 (fully validated)
Notes	Store filters under refrigeration and use within 1 month. Small interfering peaks start appearing after that time.
Special requirements	These media are prepared by SLTC as needed and are not available for immediate shipment. Please allow time for SLTC to prepare these media prior to sampling.

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.25 ppm (1 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	0.25 ppm (1 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.01 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [2010]	PEL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.4 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: dermal sensitization (DSEN), respiratory sensitization (RSEN)		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	10 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: 0.2 ppm/5 ppm/20 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Maleic anhydride

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Maleic anhydride

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Maleic anhydride. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/04/2021

CYCLOHEXYLAMINE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

CHLOROBENZENE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

TOLUENE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

METHYLCYCLOHEXANE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

SEC-HEXYL ACETATE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DIISOBUTYL KETONE (2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANONE)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

RESORCINOL

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE (1,3-PHENYLENEDIAMINE)

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

M-TOLUIDINE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

MALEIC ANHYDRIDE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References