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SULFUR DIOXIDE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7446-09-5
Formula	SO₂
Synonyms	sulfurous acid anhydride; sulfurous oxide; sulfur oxide

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless gas with a characteristic, irritating, pungent odor.
Boiling point	14°F	Molecular weight	64.1
Freezing point/melting point	-104°F	Vapor pressure	3.2 atm
Flash point		Vapor density	2.26
Specific gravity	1.434	Ionization potential	12.30 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	0
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2290
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Silica gel coated with silver nitrate and a glass fiber filter treated with sodium carbonate/glycerol, 2, (200/200 mg) [SKC 226-177]
Sampling time^*	240 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	12 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	7.5 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.5 L/min
Analytical method instruments	IC
Method reference	OSHA 1011 (fully validated)
Notes	Use this method when sampling for both hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Sulfur trioxide and gaseous elemental sulfur can cause a positive interference. The sampling pump must be capable of maintaining a constant flow of 0.5 L/min with a back pressure of approximately 20 inches of water.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	CMS Chip	CMS Chip
Model/Type	Sulfur dioxide, 0.4-10 ppm range	Sulfur dioxide, 5-150 ppm range
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 ppm (13 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	2 ppm (5 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	2 ppm (5 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	5 ppm (13 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL	0.25 ppm [2008]	PEL-STEL	5 ppm (10 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	100 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4, IARC-3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: 0.3 ppm/3 ppm/25 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Sulfur dioxide

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Sulfur dioxide

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Sulfur Dioxide. See annual publication for most recent information.
ATSDR: Toxicological Profile - Sulfur Dioxide [4 MB PDF, 23 pages]. US Health and Human Services (US HHS), 1998.
NIOSH: Occupational Health Guideline - Sulfur Dioxide, 1978.

Last Updated Date : 01/12/2021

INDIUM COMPOUNDS (as In)

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7440-74-6
Formula	In
Synonyms	indium metal

Physical Properties
Physical description	Ductile, shiny, silver-white metal that is softer than lead.
Boiling point	3767°F	Molecular weight	114.8
Freezing point/melting point	314°F	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	7.31	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1510
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Pre-assembled cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (25 or 37 mm) [MAWP025A0 or MAWP037A0]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480-960 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	10-30 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	2 L/min
Analytical method instruments	AAS/AES
Method reference	OSHA ID-121 (fully validated)
Notes	Results are provided for the presence and amount or concentration of a specific element or elements. The stated identity of the actual sample contents (such as specific form, valence state, or compound) is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	Wipe with Whatman smear tab. [WHA1450993]
Bulk Method	Available

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ [1990]	PEL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Indium

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Indium

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Indium [7440-74-6], and compounds, as In. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/31/2020

ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS (as Zr)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7440-67-7
Formula	Zr
Synonyms	zirconium metal: zirconium. Synonyms of other zirconium compounds vary depending upon the specific compound.

Physical Properties
Physical description	Soft, malleable, ductile, solid or gray to gold, amorphous powder.
Boiling point	6471°F	Molecular weight	91.2
Freezing point/melting point	3375°F	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	6.51 (metal)	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction	0
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2620
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) and filter spacer with Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad, in a 3-piece cassette [SKC 225-9001]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480-960 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	AAS/AES
Method reference	OSHA ID-121 (fully validated)
Notes	Samples are analyzed gravimetrically. Results will be qualified based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes; no further work on the sample will be performed due to method limitations.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method	Available

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³	REL-TWA	5 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	5 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	10 mg/m³	TLV-STEL	10 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-STEL	10 mg/m³
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: The REL applies to all zirconium compounds (as Zr) except Zirconium tetrachloride.		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	50 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes: test idlh notes
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Zirconium, dry, coiled wire, finished metal sheets or strips

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Zirconium compounds (as Zr)

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Zirconium [7440-67-7] and compounds, as Zr. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/14/2021

YTTRIUM †

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7440-65-5
Formula	Y
Synonyms	yttrium metal

Physical Properties
Physical description	Dark-gray to black, odorless powder. Soft silvery-white metal in bulk.
Boiling point	5301°F	Molecular weight	88.9
Freezing point/melting point	2732°F	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	4.47	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2602
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Pre-assembled cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (25 or 37 mm) [MAWP025A0 or MAWP037A0]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480-960 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	10-30 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	2 L/min
Analytical method instruments	AAS/AES
Method reference	OSHA ID-121 (fully validated)
Notes	Submit as a separate sample. If the filter is not overloaded, samples may be collected up to an 8-hour period.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	Wipe with Whatman smear tab. [WHA1450993]
Bulk Method	Available

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1 mg/m³	REL-TWA	1 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	1 mg/m³ [1986]	PEL-TWA	1 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	500 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Yttrium

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Yttrium

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Yttrium. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/14/2021

URANIUM, SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7440-61-1
Formula	U
Synonyms	Synonyms vary depending upon the specific soluble uranium compound.

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a strong, acrid, pungent odor.
Boiling point	7468°F	Molecular weight	238
Freezing point/melting point	2075°F	Vapor pressure	depends upon the specific compound
Flash point		Vapor density	19.05 (metal)
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.05 mg/m³	REL-TWA	0.05 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.2 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-TWA	0.05 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	0.6 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca): REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION. See Appendix A, NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens.		Notes: BEI®		Notes: soluble compounds, as U
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	10 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: NIOSH-Ca, TLV-A1		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Uranium (natural) [7440-61-1], Soluble and insoluble compounds, as U. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/29/2021

URANIUM, METAL & INSOLUBLE COMPOUNDS†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7440-61-1
Formula	U
Synonyms	uranium metal: uranium I. Synonyms of other insoluble uranium compounds vary depending upon the specific compound.

Physical Properties
Physical description	Silver-white, malleable, ductile, lustrous solid.
Boiling point	7468°F	Molecular weight	238
Freezing point/melting point	2075°F	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density	19.05 (metal)
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.25 mg/m³	REL-TWA	0.2 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.2 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-TWA	0.2 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	0.6 mg/m³	TLV-STEL	0.6 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca): REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION. See Appendix A, NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens.		Notes: BEI®		Notes: insoluble compounds, as U
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	10 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: NIOSH-Ca, TLV-A1		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Uranium (insoluble compounds, as U)

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Uranium (natural) [7440-61-1], Soluble and insoluble compounds, as U. See annual publication for most recent information.
Bleise, A., Danesi, P.R. and Burkart, W.: Properties, use and health effects of depleted uranium (DU): a general overview. J. Environ. Radioac. 64: 93-112, 2003.
Bolton, J.P.G. and Foster, C.R.M.: Battlefield use of depleted uranium and the health of veterans. J. R. Army Med. Corps 148: 221-230, 2002.
McDiarmid, M.A., et al.: Health effects of depleted uranium on exposed Gulf War veterans. Environ. Res. 82(2): 168-180, 2000.
Pellmar, T.C., et al.: Distribution of uranium in rats implanted with depleted uranium pellets. Toxicol. Sci. 49: 29-39, 1999.

Last Updated Date : 01/14/2021

HAFNIUM & COMPOUNDS†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7440-58-6
Formula	Hf
Synonyms	Celtium; elemental hafnium; hafnium metal

Physical Properties
Physical description	Highly lustrous, ductile, grayish solid.
Boiling point	8316°F	Molecular weight	178.5
Freezing point/melting point	4041°F	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	13.31	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1368
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Pre-assembled cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) [MAWP037A0]
Sampling time^*	480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	960 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	AAS
Method reference	OSHA ID-121 (fully validated)
Notes	OSHA staff to call the SLTC prior to sampling for detailed instructions.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.5 mg/m³	REL-TWA	0.5 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.5 mg/m³ [1990]	PEL-TWA	0.5 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	50 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Hafnium powder, dry

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Hafnium

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Hafnium [7440-58-6] and compounds, as Hf. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/14/2023

2-METHYLNAPHTHALENE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	91-57-6
Formula	C₁₁H₁₀₀
Synonyms	β-methylnaphthalene

Physical Properties
Physical description	White crystalline solid.
Boiling point	466-468°F	Molecular weight	142.2
Freezing point/melting point	94.3°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point	208°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.0058	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	0.5 ppm [2006]	PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 2-Methylnaphthalene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 2-Methylnaphthalene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - 1-Methylnaphthalene [90-12-0] and 2-Methylnaphthalene [91-57-6]. See annual publication for most recent information.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR): Toxicological profile for naphthalene, 1-methynaphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene. US Government Printing Office 1995-639-298, 200 pp., 1995.
Korsak, Z., Majcherek, W. and Rydzynski, K.: Toxic effects of acute inhalation exposure to 1-methylnaphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene in experimental animals. Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health 11(4): 335-342, 1998.
Melancon, M.J., Rickert, D.E. and Lech, J.J.: Metabolism of 2-methylnaphthalene in the rat in vivo. I. Identification of 2-naphthoylglycine. Drug Metab. Dispos. 10(2): 128-133, 1982.
Schultz, M.A., Morin, D., Chang, A.-M., Buckpitt, A.: Metabolic capabilities of CYP2F2 with various pulmonary toxicants and its relative abundance in mouse lung subcompartments. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 296(2): 510-519, 2001.
Teshima, R., Nagamatsu, K., Ikebuchi, H., Kido, Y. and Terao, T.: In vivo and in vitro metabolism of 2-methylnaphthalene in the guinea pig. Drug. Metab. Dispos. 11(2): 152-157, 1983.

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

COBALT METAL, DUST & FUME (as Co)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7440-48-4
Formula	Co
Synonyms	cobalt metal dust; cobalt metal fume; cobalt metal powder; elemental cobalt

Physical Properties
Physical description	Odorless, silver-gray to black solid.
Boiling point	5612°F	Molecular weight	58.9
Freezing point/melting point	2719°F	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	8.92	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0720	0720
Sampling group	METALSSG-2
Sampler/Sampling media	Pre-assembled cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (25 or 37 mm) [MAWP025A0 or MAWP037A0]	Mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) and filter spacer with Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad, in a 3-piece cassette [SKC 225-9001]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min	240 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480-960 L	480 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min	2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	ICP	ICP
Method reference	OSHA ID-125G (fully validated)	OSHA ID-213 (fully validated)
Notes	Results are provided for the presence and amount or concentration of a specific element or elements. The stated identity of the actual sample contents (such as a specific form or compound) is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. The physical form of a sample (dust, mist, or fume) is identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. Smaller filters recommended for sampling inside welding hoods.	Results are provided for the presence and amount or concentration of a specific element or elements. The stated identity of the actual sample contents (such as a specific form or compound) is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. The physical form of a sample (dust, mist, or fume) is identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes.
Special requirements	For the entire suite of analytes listed in METALSSG-2, request analyte code 2587.	For cobalt in cemented tungsten carbide or tungsten alloy matrices.

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	Wipe with Whatman smear tab. [WHA1450993]
Bulk Method	Available

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³	REL-TWA	0.05 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.02 mg/m³ (inhalable particulate matter) (cobalt [7440-48-4] and inorganic compounds, as Co) [2018]	PEL-TWA	0.020 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: DSEN; RSEN; BEI®. Also refer to TLV: 0.005 mg/m³, respiratory sensitizer (RSEN), TLV-A2, BEI®; (hard metals containing cobalt [7440-48-4]) and tungsten carbide [12070-12-1], as Co) [2015]		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	20 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A3, IARC-2B		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Cobalt

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Cobalt metal dust and fume (as Co)

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Cobalt [7440-48-4] and inorganic compounds, as Co. See annual publication for most recent information.
EPA: Hazard Summary - Cobalt Compounds
ATSDR: Toxicological Profile for Cobalt. 2004.
California Occupational Safety & Health Standards Board: Initial and Final Statement of Reasons February 3, 2001.
Lauwerys, R. and Lison, D.: Health risks associated with cobalt exposure - an overview. Sci. Total Environ. 150(1-3): 1-6, 1994.
Linnainmaa, M. and Kiilunen, M.: Urinary cobalt as a measure of exposure in the wet sharpening of hard metal and stellite blades. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 69(3): 193-200, 1997.
Lison, D., Bucher, J.-P., Swennen, B., Molders, J. and Lauwerys, R.: Biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt metal, salt, oxides, and hard metal dust. Occup. Environ. Med. 51(7): 447-450, 1994.
Lison, D: Human toxicity of cobalt-containing dust and experimental studies on the mechanism of interstitial lung disease (hard metal disaease). Crit Rev Toxicol. 26 (6): 585-6 16, 1996.
NIOSH: Occupational Hazard Assessment - Criteria for Controlling Occupational Exposure to Cobalt. 1981.

Last Updated Date : 06/20/2023

Group Sampling Information
Sampling Media	Sampling Time (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Sampling Volume (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Flow Rate (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)
mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF)	240-480 min	480-960 L	2 L/min

Analytes Sampling Information
Analytes	IMIS Code	Wipe Sampling	Incompatibilities
Iron*	I200	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Vanadium*	V125	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Zinc*	Z100	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Chromium, Metal & Insoluble salts (as Cr)**	0685	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe	Hexavalent Chromium
Cobalt, Metal, Dust & Fume (as Co)	0720	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe	Tungsten
Copper Dust & Mists (as Cu)	0730	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Copper Fume (as Cu)	0731	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Iron Oxide Fume	1520	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Manganese, Compounds & Fume (as Mn)***	1620	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Molybdenum, Dust & Insoluble compounds, (as Mo)	1790	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Nickel, Metal, & Insoluble compounds (as Ni)	1840	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Vanadium, Respirable Dust & Fume	2571	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Zinc Oxide Fume	2610	Contact SLTC for information

Notes

Request any or all of these analytes together. Entire group can be requested with analyte code 2587.

Results for unrequested analytes in this group will be reported if significant amount are found.

There is no need to contact SLTC before sampling.

This analysis can be pre-analyzed gravimetrically if collected on a pre-weighted PVC filter obtained from SLTC.

*These 3 codes are used for bulk sample results in place of their metal oxides.

**Please note that this is NOT hexavalent chromium.

***For Manganese STEL take only a 10-30 L sample.

DIMETHYL GLUTARATE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	1119-40-0
Formula	C₇H₁₂O₄
Synonyms	dimethyl pentanedioate; glutaric acid dimethyl ester; pentanedioc acid, dimethyl ester; glutaric acid

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid
Boiling point	199.4-203°F	Molecular weight	160.17
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure
Flash point	218°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.087	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	D636
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	100 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	20 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2020 (partially validated)
Notes	Samples should be refrigerated and analyzed within 2 weeks.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not listed
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Dimethyl glutarate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Dimethyl glutarate

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

SULFUR DIOXIDE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

INDIUM COMPOUNDS (as In)

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS (as Zr)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

YTTRIUM †

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

URANIUM, SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

URANIUM, METAL & INSOLUBLE COMPOUNDS†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

HAFNIUM & COMPOUNDS†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

2-METHYLNAPHTHALENE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

COBALT METAL, DUST & FUME (as Co)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DIMETHYL GLUTARATE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References