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4-CHLORO-O-TOLUIDINE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	95-69-2
Formula	C₇H₈ClN
Synonyms	2-amino-5-chlorotoluene; 5-chloro-2-aminotoluene; 4-chloro-2-methylbenzeneamine; 4-chloro-2-toluidine; 4-chloro-6-methylaniline; Fast Red TR; Fast Red TR 11; Fast Red TR Base; P-chloro-o-toluidine

Physical Properties
Physical description	Gray to white solid with a weak fishy odor.
Boiling point	466°F	Molecular weight	141.6
Freezing point/melting point	72°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point	320°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	>1.1 (estimated)	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-2A, NTP-R		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 4-Chloro-o-toluidine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 4-Chloro-o-toluidine

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

O-PHENYLENEDIAMINE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	95-54-5
Formula	C₆H₈N₂
Synonyms	1,2-phenylenediamine; 2-aminoaniline; o-benzenediamine; 1,2-benzenediamine; orthamine; o-diaminobenzene; 1,2-diaminobenzene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless monoclinic crystals if pure; technical grade brownish-yellow crystals or a sandy brown solid.
Boiling point	493-496°F	Molecular weight	108.16
Freezing point/melting point	216-219°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point	313°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	P245
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 GFFs (37 mm) coated with sulfuric acid, in 3-piece cassette, separated by the ring section [SKC 225-9004]
Sampling time^*	100 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	100 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC
Method reference	OSHA 87 (fully validated)
Notes	Filters may be obtained by OSHA personnel from the SLTC.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ [1988]	PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 1,2-Phenylenediamine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 1,2-Phenylenediamine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - o-Phenylenediamine. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/07/2021

O-TOLUIDINE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	95-53-4
Formula	C₇H₉N
Synonyms	o-aminotoluene; 2-aminotoluene; 1-methyl-2-aminobenzene; o-methylaniline; 2-methylaniline; ortho-toluidine

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with an aromatic, aniline-like odor.
Boiling point	392°F	Molecular weight	107.16
Freezing point/melting point	2.7°F	Vapor pressure	0.3 mmHg
Flash point	185°F	Vapor density	3.69
Specific gravity	0.998	Ionization potential	7.44 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.5%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2475
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 GFFs (37 mm) coated with sulfuric acid, in 3-piece cassette, separated by the ring section [SKC 225-9004]
Sampling time^*	100 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	100 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	15 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	1 L/min
Analytical method instruments	GC-ECD
Method reference	OSHA 73 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method	Limit the amount of bulk submitted to 1 g or 1 mL.

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube	Infrared spectrophotometer
Model/Type	Gastec 181	Miran 1A & 1B
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	2.5-35 ppm range	0.9 ppm@13.5 µm

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 ppm (22 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	2 ppm [1984]	PEL-TWA	2 ppm (9 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca): REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION. See Appendix A, NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens.		Notes: BEI		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	50 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, TLV-A3		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - O-Toluidine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - o-Toluidine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - o-Toluidine. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/07/2021

O-DICHLOROBENZENE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	95-50-1
Formula	C₆H₄Cl₂
Synonyms	o-DCB; 1,2-dichlorobenzene; ortho-dichlorobenzene; o-dichlorobenzol

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with a pleasant, aromatic odor.
Boiling point	357°F	Molecular weight	147
Freezing point/melting point	1°F	Vapor pressure	1 mmHg@68°F, 1.5 mmHg@77°F
Flash point	151°F	Vapor density	5.05
Specific gravity	1.306	Ionization potential	9.06 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	2.2%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	9.2%
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0867
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1-10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1003 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	25 ppm [1990]	PEL-TWA	25 ppm (150 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	50 ppm [1990]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C	50 ppm (300 mg/m³)	REL-C	50 ppm (300 mg/m³)	TLV-C		PEL-C	50 ppm
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	200 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A4, EPA-D		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - O-Dichlorobenzene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - o-Dichlorobenzene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - o-Dichlorobenzene. See annual publication for most recent information.
U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System: 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (CASRN 95-50-1).
Hissink, A.M., Van Ommen, B., Krüse, J. and Van Bladeren, P.J.: A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PB-PK) model for 1,2-dichlorobenzene linked to two possible parameters of toxicity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 145(2): 301-310, 1997.
Kumagai, S. and Matsunaga, I.: Relations between exposure to o-dichlorobenzene and concentrations of urinary metabolites. J. Occup. Health 39(2): 124-129, 1997.
McDougal, J.N., Grabau, J.H., Dong, I., Mattie, D.R. and Jepson, G.W.: Inflammatory damage to skin by prolonged contact with 1,2-dichlorobenzene and chloropentafluorobenzene. Microsc. Res. Tech. 37(3): 214-220, 1997.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Dichlorobenzenes. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 799-804.
Violante, F.S., Milani, S., Malenchini, G. and Barbieri, A.: Chloracne due to o-dichlorobenzene in a laboratory worker. Contact Dermatitis 52(2): 108, 2005.
Zapata-Gayon, C., Zapata-Gayon, N. and Gonzalez-Angulo, A.: Clastogenic chromosomal aberrations in 26 individuals accidentally exposed to ortho dichlorobenzene vapors in the National Medical Center in Mexico City. Arch. Environ. Health 37(4): 231-235, 1982.
Zenser, L.-P., Lang, A. and Knecht, U.: N-Acetyl-S-(dichlorophenyl)cysteines as suitable biomarkers for the monitoring of occupational exposure to 1,2-dichlorobenzene. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 69(4): 252-254, 1997.

Last Updated Date : 01/07/2021

O-CHLOROTOLUENE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	95-49-8
Formula	C₇H₇Cl
Synonyms	1-chloro-2-methylbenzene; 2-chloro-1-methylbenzene; 2-chlorotoluene; o-tolyl chloride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor.
Boiling point	318.2°F	Molecular weight	126.58
Freezing point/melting point	-31.2°F	Vapor pressure	4 mmHg at 77°F
Flash point	126°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.08	Ionization potential	8.83 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)	1.36% (calculated)
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	50 ppm (250 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1971]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (250 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	75 ppm (375 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - O-Chlorotoluene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - o-Chlorotoluene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - o-Chlorotoluene. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/31/2018

ETHYL LACTATE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	97-64-3
Formula	C₅H₁₀O₃
Synonyms	actylol; ethyl α-hydroxypropionate; ethyl-2-hydroxypropionate

Physical Properties
Physical description	A clear colorless liquid with a mild odor.
Boiling point	309°F	Molecular weight	118.1
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure
Flash point	115°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.03	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.5%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	11.4%
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	E227
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*	50 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference	OSHA PV2081 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Ethyl lactate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Ethyl lactate

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 12/19/2018

INDENE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	95-13-6
Formula	C₉H₈
Synonyms	indonaphthene; inden

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid derived from coal tar.
Boiling point	359°F	Molecular weight	116.2
Freezing point/melting point	29°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point	173°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.997	Ionization potential	8.81 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	10 ppm (45 mg/m³) OSHA Construction and Maritime industries only.	REL-TWA	10 ppm (45 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	5 ppm [2007]	PEL-TWA	10 ppm (48 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1926.55 Table 1 and 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Indene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Indene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Indene. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 06/23/2023

2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID (2,4-D)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	94-75-7
Formula	C₈H₆Cl₂O₃
Synonyms	2,4-D; dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; Hedonal, Trinoxol

Physical Properties
Physical description	White to yellow, crystalline, odorless powder.
Boiling point	decomposes	Molecular weight	221.04
Freezing point/melting point	280°F	Vapor pressure	0.4 mmHg at 320°F
Flash point		Vapor density	7.63
Specific gravity	1.57	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0846	0846
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	OSHA versatile sampler (OVS-2) - 13 mm XAD-2 tube (270/140 mg) with GFF enclosed [SKC 226-30-16]	GFF (37 mm), Type A/E [AP4003705]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	12-480 L	15-200 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2-1 L/min	1-3 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-ECD	HPLC
Method reference	NIOSH 5602 (OSHA modified)	NIOSH 5001 (OSHA modified)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	10 mg/m³	REL-TWA	10 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	10 mg/m³ (inhalable particulate matter) [2016]	PEL-TWA	10 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	100 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-2B, TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 2,4-D

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - 2,4-D. See annual publication for most recent information.
Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (1981, January). Provides a table of contents of guidelines for many hazardous chemicals. The files provide technical chemical information, including chemical and physical properties, health effects, exposure limits, and recommendations for medical monitoring, personal protective equipment (PPE), and control procedures.

Last Updated Date : 01/29/2021

FONOFOS

Chemical Identification
CAS #	944-22-9
Formula	C₁₀H₁₅OPS₂
Synonyms	dyfonate; dyphonate; O-ethyl-S-phenyl ethylphosphorothioate; fonophos; difonate; ENT 25,796; N-2790; Stauffer N-2790

Physical Properties
Physical description	Light-yellow liquid with an aromatic odor.
Boiling point	266°F at 0.1 mmHg	Molecular weight	246.32
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	0.0002 mmHg at 77°F
Flash point	>201°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.15	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2685
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	OSHA versatile sampler (OVS-2) - 13 mm XAD-2 tube (270/140 mg) with GFF enclosed [SKC 226-30-16]
Sampling time^*	480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FPD
Method reference	OSHA PV2027 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	Wipe with GFF (37 mm), Type A/E [AP4003705]
Bulk Method	Limit the amount of bulk submitted to 1 g or 1 mL.

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [2005]	PEL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Fonofos

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Fonofos

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Fonofos. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/29/2021

BENZOYL PEROXIDE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	94-36-0
Formula	C₁₄H₁₀O₄
Synonyms	benzoperoxide; dibenzoyl peroxide

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to white crystals or a granular powder with a faint, benzaldehyde-like odor.
Boiling point	decomposes explosively	Molecular weight	242.2
Freezing point/melting point	217°F	Vapor pressure	<1 mmHg
Flash point	176°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.33	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	4
NFPA reactivity rating	4	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0335
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	PTFE filter, 1 µm [SKC 225-2705]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	40 L -400 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1-3 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC-UV
Method reference	NIOSH 5009 (OSHA modified)
Notes	Keep samples refrigerated when not in transit. Ship samples overnight with cold-packs as soon as possible.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³	REL-TWA	5 mg/m³	TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1500 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Benzoyl peroxide

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Benzoyl peroxide

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Benzoyl peroxide. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 04/02/2024

4-CHLORO-O-TOLUIDINE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

O-PHENYLENEDIAMINE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

O-TOLUIDINE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

O-DICHLOROBENZENE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

O-CHLOROTOLUENE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ETHYL LACTATE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

INDENE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID (2,4-D)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

FONOFOS

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

BENZOYL PEROXIDE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References