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17-α-METHYL TESTOSTERONE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	58-18-4
Formula	C₂₀H₃₀O₂
Synonyms	17 β-hydroxy-17 α-methyl-4-androsten-3-one; mesterone; andrometh; 17-methyl testosterone; Nu-man; Testoviron

Physical Properties
Physical description	White crystals
Boiling point		Molecular weight	302.5
Freezing point/melting point	323.6-334.4°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point	41°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	M350
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	GFF Gelman Type A (37 mm) in 3-piece cassette no backup pad [SKC 225-706]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	240 min
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	240 L
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	1 L/min
Analytical method instruments	LC
Method reference	OSHA PV2001 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals -

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards -

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 12/14/2020

1,6-HEXANEDIOL DIACRYLATE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	13048-33-4
Formula	C₁₂H₁₈,O₄
Synonyms	acrylic acid, hexamethylene ester; hexaneglycol diacrylate; Kayard HDDA; Photomer 4017; propenoic acid, 1,6-hexanediol ester; 2-propenoic acid, 1,6-hexanediyl ester; Setalux UV 2243; Viscoat 230

Physical Properties
Physical description	Clear yellow liquid with a mild ester-like odor.
Boiling point	224.6°F	Molecular weight	226.28
Freezing point/melting point	41°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point	>200°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	H128
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Chromosorb® 106 (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-110]
Sampling time^*	240 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	48 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2133 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 12/14/2020

1,1-DICHLORO-1-FLUOROETHANE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	1717-00-6
Formula	C₂H₃FCl₂
Synonyms	dichlorofluoroethane; dichloromonofluoroethane; Freon 141b

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid at ambient conditions.
Boiling point	87.8°F	Molecular weight	116.95
Freezing point/melting point	-154.3°F	Vapor pressure	0.079 MPa at 77°F
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	D238
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 Anasorb CMS tubes in series (150/75 mg) [no longer available]
Sampling time^*	20 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.75 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.05 L/min
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 113 (fully validated)
Notes	This media is no longer available. OSHA staff please contact the SLTC prior to sampling at (801) 233-5100.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane

Literature References

Astier, A. and Paraire, F.: Fatal intoxication with 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane. N. Engl. J. Med. 337(13): 940, 1997.
Johansson, J.S.: Fatal intoxication with 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane. N. Engl. J. Med. 338(3): 201-202, 1998.
Tong, z., Utell, M.J., Morrow, P.E., Rusch, G.M. and Anders, M.W.: Metabolism of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b) in human volunteers. Drug Metab. Dispos. 26(7): 711-713, 1998.
Turnbull, D., Machado, R.J. and Boberg, R.E.: Safety assessment of HCFC-141b: use as a blowing agent for insulation in building construction and refrigeration. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 19(3): 282-296, 1994.

Last Updated Date : 01/22/2024

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER (BUTYL CARBITOL)

Chemical Identification
CAS #	112-34-5
Formula	C₈H₁₈O₃
Synonyms	2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol; butoxydiethylene glycol, butoxydiglycol; diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; diethylene glycol n-butyl ether; Dowanol DB

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid
Boiling point	448°F	Molecular weight	162.2
Freezing point/melting point	-90.6°F	Vapor pressure	0.01 mmHg at 68°F
Flash point	176°F	Vapor density	5.58
Specific gravity	0.954 at 68°F	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.20%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	8.50%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	1	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0471
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	50 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2095 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	10 ppm (inhalable fraction and vapor) [2012]	PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. See annual publication for most recent information.
Berlin, K., Johanson, G. and Lindberg, M.: Hypersensitivity to 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol. Contact Dermatitis 32(1): 54, 1995.
Bingham, E., Cohrssen, B., and Powell, C.H.: Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY, p. V7 203, 2001.
Dawson, T.A.J., Black, R.J., Strang, W.C., Millership, J.S., and Davies, I.A.I.: Delayed and immediate hypersensitivity to carbitols. Contact Dermatitis 21(1): 52-53, 1989.
NIOSH/IPCS: International Chemical Safety Card - Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether. April 19, 2004.
Korinth, G., Goen, T., Lakemeyer, M., Broding, H.C., and Drexler, H.: Skin strain and its influence on systemic exposure to a glycol ether in offset printing workers. Contact Dermatitis 49(5):248-54, November 2003.
Laitinen, J. and Pulkkinen, J.: Biomonitoring of 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)ethanols by analysing urinary 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)acetic acids. Toxicol. Lett. 156(1): 117-126, 2005.
OSHA: Sampling and Analytical Methods - Butyl Carbitol. February 1993.
Schliemann-Willers, S., Bauer, A., and Elsner, P.: Occupational contact dermatitis from diethylene glycol monobutyl ether in a podiatrist. Contact Dermatitis 43(4): 225, 2000.

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

ACETOIN

Chemical Identification
CAS #	513-86-0
Formula	C₄H₈O₂
Synonyms	acetyl methyl carbinol; 1-hydroxyethyl methyl ketone; γ-hydroxy-β-oxobutane; 3-hydroxy-2-butanone; 2,3-butanolone; dimethylketol

Physical Properties
Physical description	A light-yellow colored liquid.
Boiling point	298.4°F	Molecular weight	88.1
Freezing point/melting point	59°F	Vapor pressure	2.7x10 (est)
Flash point	106°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	A624
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 Specially dried silica gel tubes in series; each tube has a single 600 mg section and a GFF, filter faces forward when sampling [SKC 226-183]
Sampling time^*	180 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	9 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	3 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	0.2 L/min
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 1012 (fully validated)
Notes	Use an opaque tube holder or wrap tubes with aluminum foil or other opaque material while sampling!! Separate the 2 tubes and cap both ends of each tube as soon as possible after sampling. Individually seal the 2 tubes.
Special requirements	Protect tubes from light after sampling.

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Acetyl methyl carbinol

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Acetyl methyl carbinol

Literature References

NIOSH: Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), 4th Edition - Acetoin . March 2003.
National Toxicology Program (NTP): Chemical Information Review Document for Artificial Butter Flavoring and Constituents Diacetyl [CAS No. 431-03-8] and Acetoin [CAS No. 513-86-0] . January 2007.

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

1-CHLORO-4-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZENE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	98-56-6, 92709-16-5
Formula	C₇H₄ClF₃
Synonyms	benzene 1-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl); p-chlorobenzotrifluoride; (p-chlorophenyl)trifluoromethane; p-(trifluoromethyl)chlorobenzene; p-trifluoromethylphenyl chloride; p-chloro-⍺, ⍺, ⍺-trifluorotoluene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Clear colorless liquid with an aromatic odor.
Boiling point	277-280°F	Molecular weight	180.56
Freezing point/melting point	-33°F	Vapor pressure	1 mmHg at 32°F, 5 mmHg at 76.5°F
Flash point	117°F	Vapor density	6.24
Specific gravity	1.34	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	R249
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	0.1-10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1026 (partially validated)
Notes	Samples must be refrigerated for shipment to the laboratory. Sample stability is 7 days at 25°C and 30 days at 5°C
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - P-Chlorobenzotrifluoride

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - P-Chlorobenzotrifluoride

Literature References

NTP: Chemical Information Profile for 1-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene . 2009.
Pohanish, R.P.: Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemical Carcinogens 5th Edition, Volume 1: A-H, Volume 2: I-Z. William Andrew, Norwich, NY, p. 603, 2008.

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

POLYMERIC 4,4’-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE (PAPI; polymeric MDI)

Chemical Identification
CAS #	9016-87-9
Formula	CH₂(C₆H₄NCO)₂
Synonyms	MDI oligomer; PMDI; polymeric MDI; polymeric isocyanate; polymeric 4,4’-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate; polymethylenepolyphenol isocyanate; polyphenyl isocyanate; PAPI

Physical Properties
Physical description	Dark-brown liquid with a weak odor.
Boiling point	392°F	Molecular weight	400 (approx)
Freezing point/melting point	200°C	Vapor pressure
Flash point	200°C	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.2	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	P125
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Isocyanate Sampling Filter Kit - GFF (37 mm, open-faced) coated with 1 mg 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine [SLTC103]
Sampling time^*	15 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	15 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	1 L/min
Analytical method instruments	UHPLC
Method reference	OSHA 5002 (fully validated)
Notes	Results may not reflect accurate exposures to the polymeric forms of isocyanates. Refrigerate coated filters. Sample open-faced!!
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aromatic Isocyanates
Model/Type	769-1002
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	Isocyanate Surface and Dermal Sampling, Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aromatic Isocyanates

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: EPA-D		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate

Literature References

US EPA Integrated Risk Information System: Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (monomeric MDI) and polymeric MDI (PMDI) (CASRN 101-68-8, 9016-87-9).
Baur, X.: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis) induced by isocyanates. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 95(5 Pt. 1): 1004-1010, 1995.
Bello, D., et al.: Polyisocyanates in occupational environments: a critical review of exposure limits and metrics. Am. J. Ind. Med. 46(5): 480-491, 2004.
Bonauto, D.K., Sumner, A.D., Curwick, C.C., Whittaker, S.G. and Lofgren, D.J.: Work-related asthma in the spray-on truck bed lining industry. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 47(5): 514-517, 2005.
Dalene, M., Skarping, G. and Lind, P.: Workers exposed to thermal degradation products of TDI- and MDI-based polyurethane: biomonitoring of 2,4-TDA, 2,6-TDA, and 4,4'-MDA in hydrolyzed urine and plasma. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. 58(8): 587-591, 1997.
Feron, V.J., et al.: Chronic pulmonary effects of respirable methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) aerosol in rats: combination of findings from two bioassays. Arch. Toxicol. 75(3): 159-175, 2001.
Lamb, J.C., Huff, J.E., Haseman, J.K., Murthy, A.S. and Lilja, H.: Carcinogenesis studies of 4,4'methylenedianiline dihydrochloride given in drinking water to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 18(3): 325-337, 1986.
No authors listed: 4,4'-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate and polymeric 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog. Risks Hum. 71(Pt. 3): 1049-1058, 1999.

Last Updated Date : 04/02/2025

1,6-HEXAMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATE HOMOPOLYMER

Chemical Identification
CAS #	28182-81-2
Formula	(C₈H₁₂N₂O₂)n
Synonyms	hexamethylene diisocyanate homopolymer; HDIH; 1,6-diisocyanato-hexane homopolymer; poly(hexamethylene diisocyanate)

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to yellow liquid with a mild odor.
Boiling point	decomposes	Molecular weight	500 (approx)
Freezing point/melting point	-59.8°F	Vapor pressure	0.05 mmHg at 77°F
Flash point	442.4°F	Vapor density	1.17
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	H130
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Isocyanate Sampling Filter Kit - GFF (37 mm, open-faced) coated with 1 mg 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine [SLTC103]
Sampling time^*	15 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	15 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	UHPLC
Method reference	OSHA 5002 (fully validated)
Notes	Results may not reflect accurate exposures to the polymeric forms of isocyanates. Refrigerate coated filters until used. Sample open-faced!!
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aliphatic Isocyanates
Model/Type	769-1003
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	Isocyanate Surface and Dermal Sampling, Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aliphatic Isocyanates

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 04/02/2025

FLUORIDES (as F)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	16984-48-8
Formula	F
Synonyms	perfluoride, many different F compounds

Physical Properties
Physical description	Varies depending on specific compound
Boiling point		Molecular weight
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1280
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) and filter spacer with Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad, in a 3-piece cassette [SKC 225-9001]
Sampling time^*	60 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	90 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1.5 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	22.5 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	1.5 L/min
Analytical method instruments	ISE
Method reference	OSHA ID-110 (fully validated)
Notes	Submit as a separate sample. If the filter is not overloaded, samples may be collected up to an 8-hour period. Hydrogen fluoride is collected on a Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	Wipe with Whatman smear tab. [WHA1450993]
Bulk Method	Available

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	2.5 mg/m³	REL-TWA	2.5 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	2.5 mg/m³ [1979]	PEL-TWA	2.5 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	250 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4, IARC-3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed. See individual compound info.

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed. See individual compound info.

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Fluorides, as F. See annual publication for most recent information.
Abramson, M.J. et al.: Is Potroom Asthma Due More to Sulphur Dioxide Than Fluoride? An Inception Cohort Study in the Australian Aluminum Industry. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 67 (10): 679-85. 2010.
NIOSH: Criteria for a Recommended Standard - Occupational Exposure to Inorganic Fluorides. 1975.

Last Updated Date : 12/29/2020

FIBROUS GLASS DUST†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	65997-17-3 (Fibrous Glass)
Formula	varies
Synonyms	fibrous glass; fiberglass; glass fibers; glass wool [Note: usually produced from borosilicate % low alkali silicate glasses.]

Physical Properties
Physical description
Boiling point	Molecular weight
Freezing point/melting point	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point	Vapor density
Specific gravity	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	9135 (total dust)	1300
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*	240-480 min	30-480 min (120 recommended)
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	960 L	25-2400 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min	0.5-16 L/min - NIOSH (0.5-5 L/min - recommended)
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	Gravimetric
Method reference	OSHA PV2121 (partially validated)	NIOSH 7400 (fully validated) Alternate or B rules
Notes	1. The OSHA PEL is Gravimetric. 2. If the net weight of the sample yields a concentration below the PEL after considering the associated SAE, the SLTC will perform no further work on the sample and the sample air concentration will be reported as the calculated gravimetric air concentration. If the net weight corresponds to an amount greater than the PEL value after considering the associated SAE, the sample may be analyzed for the applicable component and appropriate results will be reported.	1. Adjust to give 100-1300 fiber/mm² 2. Fiber count method is used for sampling in industries participating in voluntary NAIMA Partnership or HTIW Partnership programs, or for other as noted. 3. Exposure limit for NAIMA is 1.0 f/cc. 4. Do not request multiple analytes. Do not overload. If dust is high, reduce air volume to avoid overloading. 5. A minimum of 2 blanks or 10% of the number of samples are required for every set.
Special requirements		Do not allow samples to be loose in mailing packaging. See <a href="/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.1001AppA" title="29 CFR 1910.1001, Appendix A">29 CFR 1910.1001, Appendix A</a>.

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	OSHA Maritime PEL: 15 mg/m³ as Fibrous Glass, 8 hr TWA.	REL-TWA	3 fibers/cm³ (fibers ≤3.5 µm in diameter, ≥10 µm in length); 5 mg/m³ (total)	TLV-TWA	1 fiber/cc (continuous filament glass fibers, glass wool fibers, rock wool fibers, slag wool fibers and special purpose glass fibers, [F]); 5 mg/m³ (continuous filament glass fibers, inhalable particulate matter]); 0.2 f/cc (refractory ceramic fibers [F]) [1999]	PEL-TWA	1 fiber/cm³ [q]
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards. For General Industry, please see 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-3, Mineral Dusts for Inert or Nuisance Dust. For Construction, see 29 CFR 1926.55 Table 1, for Inert or Nuisance Particles.		Notes:		Notes: See TLV endnote [F].		Notes: [q] Fibers per cubic centimeter of air at 25°C and 760 mmHg pressure. To be considered a fiber for this limit the glass particle must be longer than 5µm, have a length to diameter ratio of three or more, and have a diameter less than 3µm. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Method 7400, Issue 2, August 15, 1994, which is hereby incorporated by reference, shall be used for measuring airborne fiber concentrations.
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4, IARC-3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Fibrous glass dust

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Synthetic vitreous fibers. See annual publication for most recent information.
No Author:: Certain Glass Wool Fibers (Inhalable) , Report on Carcinogens (latest edition), US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program.
Baan, R.A. and Grosse, Y.: Man-made mineral (vitreous) fibres: evaluations of cancer hazards by the IARC monographs programme. Mutat. Res. 553(1-2): 43-58, 2004.
Berrigan, D.: Respiratory cancer and exposure to man-made vitreous fibers: a systematic review. Am. J. Ind. Med. 42(4): 354-362, 2002.
Huff, J.: IARC monographs, industry influence, and upgrading, downgrading, and under-grading chemicals: a personal point of view. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 8(3): 249-270, 2002.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Fibrous Glass. Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1153-1155.
Wardenbach, P., Rodelsperter, K., Roller, M. and Muhle, H.: Classification of man-made vitreous fibers: comments on the revaluation by an IARC working group. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 43(2): 181-193, 2005.

Last Updated Date : 07/24/2023

17-α-METHYL TESTOSTERONE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

1,6-HEXANEDIOL DIACRYLATE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

1,1-DICHLORO-1-FLUOROETHANE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER (BUTYL CARBITOL)

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ACETOIN

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

1-CHLORO-4-TRIFLUOROMETHYLBENZENE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

POLYMERIC 4,4’-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE (PAPI; polymeric MDI)

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

1,6-HEXAMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATE HOMOPOLYMER

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

FLUORIDES (as F)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

FIBROUS GLASS DUST†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References