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METHYL ISOCYANATE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	624-83-9
Formula	C₂H₃NO
Synonyms	methyl ester of isocyanic acid; MIC; isocyanatomethane

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a sharp, pungent odor.
Boiling point	102°F	Molecular weight	57.05
Freezing point/melting point	-112°F	Vapor pressure	348 mmHg
Flash point	19°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.96	Ionization potential	10.67 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	5.3%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	26%
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction	W: Reacts violently or explosively with water.
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1773
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	XAD-7 tube coated with 0.3 mg of 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine (1-2PP) [No longer available]
Sampling time^*	300 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	15 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC
Method reference	OSHA 54 (fully validated)
Notes	This media is no longer available. OSHA staff please contact the SLTC prior to sampling at (801) 233-5100.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Infrared spectrophotometer	Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aliphatic Isocyanates	Photoionization Detector (PID)
Model/Type	Miran 1A & 1B	769-1003
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	0.1 ppm@4.4 µm	Isocyanate Surface and Dermal Sampling, Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aliphatic Isocyanates

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.02 ppm (0.05 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	0.02 ppm (0.05 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.02 ppm [2013]	PEL-TWA	0.02 ppm (0.05 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	0.06 ppm [2013]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: dermal sensitization (DSEN)		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	3 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: 0.025 ppm/0.25 ppm/1.5 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Methyl isocyanate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Methyl isocyanate

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Methyl isocyanate. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 04/02/2025

2-METHYLBUTYL ACETATE (see also N-AMYL ACETATE)

Chemical Identification
CAS #	624-41-9
Formula	C₇H₁₄O₂
Synonyms

Physical Properties
Physical description
Boiling point	Molecular weight
Freezing point/melting point	Vapor pressure	4 mmHg
Flash point	Vapor density
Specific gravity	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1997]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (266 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	100 ppm [1997]	PEL-STEL	100 ppm (532 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes: as Pentyl acetate
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Pentyl acetate, all isomers. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

3-PENTYL ACETATE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	620-11-1
Formula	C₇H₁₄O₂
Synonyms	3-amyl acetate; acetic acid 1-ethylpropyl ester; diethylcarbinol acetate; pentan3-yl acetate; 1-ethylpropyl acetate

Physical Properties
Physical description	See also N-AMYL ACETATE
Boiling point		Molecular weight	130.19
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	7.85 mmHg
Flash point	33.4°C	Vapor density	0.879
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1997]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (266 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	100 ppm [1997]	PEL-STEL	100 ppm (532 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Pentyl acetate, all isomers. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

3,5-DINITROTOLUENE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	618-85-9
Formula	CH₃C₆H₃(NO₂)₂
Synonyms

Physical Properties
Physical description
Boiling point		Molecular weight
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure
Flash point	404°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.32	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0990
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes	See DINITROTOLUENE
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak	NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling	ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling	CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	REL-TWA	TLV-TWA	PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL	REL-STEL	TLV-STEL	PEL-STEL
PEL-C	REL-C	TLV-C	PEL-C
Skin notation	Skin notation	Skin notation	Skin notation
Notes: See DINITROTOLUENE	Notes: See DINITROTOLUENE	Notes: See DINITROTOLUENE	Notes: See DINITROTOLUENE
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.	IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:	Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

See DINITROTOLUENE

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

AMITROLE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	61-82-5
Formula	C₂H₄N₄
Synonyms	aminotriazole; 3-aminotriazole; 2-amino-1,3,4-triazole; 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to white, crystalline powder.
Boiling point		Molecular weight	84.1
Freezing point/melting point	318°F	Vapor pressure	<0.000008 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.14	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	A176
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Midget fritted glass bubbler (MFGB) containing 10 mL Distilled Water [Infrequently Requested Method - OSHA staff please contact SLTC before sampling 801-233-5100]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	60 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC-UV
Method reference	OSHA PV2006 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	0.2 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.2 mg/m³ [1983]	PEL-TWA	0.2 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca): REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION. See Appendix A, NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens.		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, TLV-A3		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Amitrole

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Amitrole

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Amitrole. See annual publication for most recent information.
Environmental Protection Agency: R.E.D. Facts: Amitrole. Publication No. EPA-738-F-96-002 (August) 1996, 13 pp.
Hurley, P.M.: Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents. Environ. Health Perspect. 106(8): 437-445, 1998.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 143-144.
Putnam, C.D., Arvai, A.S., Bourne, Y. and Tainer, J.A.: Active and inhibited human catalase structures: ligand and NADPH binding and catalytic mechanism. J. Mol. Biol. 296(1): 295-309, 2000.

Last Updated Date : 01/22/2024

HYDROGENATED TERPHENYLS

Chemical Identification
CAS #	61788-32-7
Formula	(C₆Hn)₃
Synonyms	hydrogenated diphenylbenzenes; hydrogenated phenylbiphenyls; hydrogenated triphenyls

Physical Properties
Physical description	Clear, oily, pale-yellow liquids with a faint odor.
Boiling point	644°F (40% hydrogenated)	Molecular weight	298 (40% hydrogenated)
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure
Flash point	315°F (40% hydrogenated)	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.003-1.009 (40% hydrogenated)	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.5 ppm [1990]	PEL-TWA	0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Hydrogenated terphenyls

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Hydrogenated terphenyls

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Hydrogenated terphenyls (nonirradiated). See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/31/2020

SILICA, FUSED, Respirable Dust†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	60676-86-0
Formula	SiO₂
Synonyms

Physical Properties
Physical description	Solid
Boiling point		Molecular weight
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	9013 (resp); request using analyte code 9130
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Tared low-ash 37 mm PVC filter, 5 microns, preceded by 10 mm nylon Dorr-Oliver cyclone for respirable samples. [SLTC108]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	816 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1.7 L/min ±5%
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	Gravimetric
Method reference	OSHA PV2121 (partially validated)
Notes	If the filter is not overloaded, samples can be collected up to an 8-hour period. If the net weight of the sample yields a concentration below the PEL after considering the associated SAE , the SLTC will perform no further work on the sample and the sample air concentration will be reported as the calculated gravimetric air concentration. If the net weight corresponds to an amount greater than the PEL value after considering the associated SAE, the sample may be analyzed for the applicable component and appropriate results will be reported.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³ (as PNOR, respirable dust)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ (respirable dust)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: See Appendix D - Substances with No Established RELs.		Notes: No TLV established. It is recommended that airborne concentrations be kept below 3 mg/m³ (respirable particles) and 10 mg/m³ (inhalable particles) for insoluble particles of low toxicity for which no TLV has been established. See Appendix B of the TLV booklet for guidelines.		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 01/11/2021

2,6-DINITROTOLUENE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	606-20-2
Formula	C₇H₆N₂O₄
Synonyms	dinitrotoluol; DNT; methyldinitrobenzene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Orange-yellow crystalline solid with a characteristic odor.
Boiling point	decomposes	Molecular weight	182.2
Freezing point/melting point	151°F	Vapor pressure	0.018 mmHg
Flash point	404°F	Vapor density	6.28
Specific gravity	1.32	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	3	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0990
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes	See DINITROTOLUENE
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: See DINITROTOLUENE.		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - 2,6-Dinitrotoluene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 2,6-Dinitrotoluene

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 06/26/2023

METHYL HYDRAZINE (MONOMETHYL HYDRAZINE)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	60-34-4
Formula	CH₆N₂
Synonyms	MMH; monomethylhydrazine

Physical Properties
Physical description	Fuming, colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.
Boiling point	190°F	Molecular weight	46.07
Freezing point/melting point	-62.3°F	Vapor pressure	38 mmHg
Flash point	70°F	Vapor density	1.6
Specific gravity	0.874 at 77°F	Ionization potential	8.00 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	2.5%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	97%
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1794
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 GFFs (37 mm) coated with sulfuric acid, in 3-piece cassette, separated by the ring section [SKC 225-9004]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	240 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC
Method reference	OSHA 108 (fully validated)
Notes	The 2 filters are separated by the ring section of the 3-piece cassette to provide a backup portion to the sampling train.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	0.01 ppm [1991]	PEL-TWA	0.01 ppm (0.019 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C	0.2 ppm (0.35 mg/m³)	REL-C	0.04 ppm (0.08 mg/m³), [120 minutes]	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: CARCINOGEN (Ca): REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION. See Appendix A, NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens.		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	20 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: NIOSH-Ca, TLV-A3		Notes: Ca
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Methylhydrazine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Methyl hydrazine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Methyl hydrazine. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/22/2024

ETHYL ETHER (DIETHYL ETHER)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	60-29-7
Formula	C₄H₁₀O
Synonyms	diethyl ether; diethyl oxide; ethyl oxide; ether; solvent ether

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a pungent, sweetish odor.
Boiling point	94°F	Molecular weight	74.1
Freezing point/melting point	-177°F	Vapor pressure	440 mmHg
Flash point	-49°F	Vapor density	2.6
Specific gravity	0.71	Ionization potential	9.53 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.9%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	36%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	4
NFPA reactivity rating	1	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1210
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	0.25-3 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1610 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	400 ppm (1200 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	400 ppm [1966]	PEL-TWA	400 ppm (1200 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	500 ppm [1966]	PEL-STEL	500 ppm (1500 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: See Appendix D - Substances with No Established RELs.		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1900 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes: 10% of LEL
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Diethyl ether

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Ethyl ether

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Ethyl ether. See annual publication for most recent information.
Bell, C.M., Gutowski, S.J., Young, S. and Wells, D.: Diethyl ether interference with infrared breath analysis. J. Anal. Toxicol. 16(3): 166-168, 1992.
Brady, J.F., Lee, M.J., Li, M., Ishizaki, H. and Yang, C.S.: Diethyl ether as a substrate for acetone/ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 and as an inducer for cytochrome(s) P-450. Mol. Pharmacol. 33(2): 148-154, 1988.
Eger, E.I., 2^nd, Laster, M.J., Gregory, G.A., Katoh, T. and Sonner, J.M.: Women appear to have the same minimum alveolar concentration as men: a retrospective study. Anesthesiology 99(5): 1059-1061, 2003.
Krenz, S., Zimmermann, G., Kolly, S. and Zullino, D.F.: Ether: a forgotten addiction. Addiction 98(8): 1167-1168, 2003.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Ethyl ether. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1104-1106.

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

METHYL ISOCYANATE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

2-METHYLBUTYL ACETATE (see also N-AMYL ACETATE)

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

3-PENTYL ACETATE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

3,5-DINITROTOLUENE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

AMITROLE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

HYDROGENATED TERPHENYLS

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

SILICA, FUSED, Respirable Dust†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

2,6-DINITROTOLUENE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

METHYL HYDRAZINE (MONOMETHYL HYDRAZINE)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ETHYL ETHER (DIETHYL ETHER)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References